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浅薄层超稠油高效开发技术研究及应用
首发时间：2025-02-28
摘要：新疆超稠油资源丰富，由于储层条件、流体性质等因素制约，浅薄层超稠油热采机理、开发模式、高温工艺、智能低碳运行面临一系列重大科技挑战。为此，在国内外稠油开发技术发展的基础上，以研究区近物源辫状河沉积、浅薄层砂砾岩超稠油油藏为目标，提出了浅薄层超稠油亟待创新的驱泄复合理论方法、立体井网开发方式、高温高压工艺体系和智能低碳运行模式等重大技术问题。研究结果表明：1）物模实验揭示了"近端蒸汽驱替、远端重力泄油"机理，实现8~15 m薄层超稠油高效动用；2）在"直-平"点线和"平-平"线线井网基础上，开展水平井暂堵微压裂和不同阶段精细调控，注蒸汽波及系数为0.9，采收率达55%以上；3）配套研发的注采两用柔性泵、动态化学屏蔽工艺及作业装备能够实现油井生产时率提升15%，保障了浅层高温下蒸汽腔低伤害安全作业；4）通过智能配汽工艺管柱，全密闭集输处理装置和地下与地面协同云平台决策系统研发，系统热效率提高11.6%，年减少碳排放21.9万t。随着技术定型和推广应用，已形成中国浅薄层超稠油开发"样本"，为国内外稠油高效开发提供思路和技术借鉴。
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study on high-efficiency development technology of shallow and thin super heavy oil and its application
abstract：xinjiang is rich in super heavy oil resources, due to the constraints of reservoir conditions, fluid properties and other factors, the mechanism of thermal recovery, development mode, high temperature process and intelligent low-carbon operation of super heavy oil in shallow and thin layers face a series of great challenges in science and technology. so far, based on the development of heavy oil development technology at home and abroad, combined with the study area near provenance braided river sediment, shallow and thin glutenite super heavy oil reservoir as the goal, some important technical problems are put forward, such as complex theory and method of displacement and drainage, development mode of three-dimensional well pattern, high temperature and high pressure process system and intelligent low-carbon operation mode. the results of the study: ① physical model experiments have unveiled the mechanism of"proximal steam displacement and distal gravity drainage",enabling the efficient exploitation of ultra-heavy oil in thin layers ranging 8 to 15 meters; ② on the basis of"straight-flat" point line and"flat-flat" line well pattern, temporary plugging micro-fracturing and fine control in different stages are carried out in horizontal wells, with steam injection sweep factor of 0.9 and recovery factor of over 55 %; ③ flexible pump and dynamic chemical shielding technology and equipment can increase production time by 15 %, and the steam chamber can be operated safely at high temperature in shallow layer; ④ through the research and development of the decision-making system of the intelligent steam distribution process string, the fully-enclosed gathering and transportation equipment and the underground and ground cooperative cloud platform, the system thermal efficiency is increased by 11.6 %, and the carbon emission is reduced by 219,000 tons annually. with the development and application of the technology, a"sample" of super heavy oil development in shallow and thin layers has been formed in china.
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